Polytetrafluoroethylene, (-CF 2 CF 2 -) n - a polymerization product of tetrafluoroethylene, a polymer with a unique combination of physical, electrical, antifriction, chemical and other properties that cannot be found in any other material, as well as the ability to maintain these properties over a wide temperature range: from - 269 o C to +260 o C.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, PTFE) was discovered on April 6, 1938 by Roy Plunkett, an employee of DuPont. While working with freons, Plunkett discovered a white powder on the walls of the cylinder containing tetrafluoroethylene gas. Further research revealed that this substance is a polymer - polytetrafluoroethylene, formed as a result of spontaneous polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene.

First pilot production PTFE was launched in the USA in 1943 by DuPont (the product was produced under the trade name Teflon), just six years after the opening of this fluoropolymer, and in England they began to produce it at ICI under license from DuPont at the end of 1947.

To the Soviet Union Teflon(Teflon) came with samples of military equipment transferred under Lend-Lease. Due to the exceptional properties of this polymer, which make it possible to solve many problems in the military industry, in 1947 the USSR Government instructed three scientific organizations: NII-42, USSR Academy of Sciences and NIIPP to develop the synthesis of monomer and polymer, as well as methods for processing into domestic products PTFE.

In March 1949, the first pilot plants for the synthesis of monomer and fluoropolymer were created at the GIPH (State Institute of Applied Chemistry) PTFE, on which the technological process was tested. At the same time, NIIPP (later ONPO "Plastpolymer") was working on a new scientific and technical direction: "Recycling polytetrafluoroethylene into various products." In 1956, the first industrial production was put into operation at the Kirovo-Chepetsk Chemical Combine (KCHK) PTFE in Russia under the trademark fluoroplastic-4(F-4). Since 1961, KCCHK mastered the production of other fluorinated polymers and copolymers. Due to the growing need for fluoropolymers in 1963, additional production capacity was introduced at the Ural Chemical Plant fluoroplastics F-4 And F-4D

From 1950 to 1961, based on six monomers developed at GIPH, over 60 different fluorine-containing products were obtained at NIIPP, including homopolymers: fluoroplastic-1, fluoroplastic-2, fluoroplastic-3, fluoroplastic-4 and copolymers - fluoroplastic-23, fluoroplastic -32, fluoroplastic-30, fluoroplastic-40, fluoroplastic-4MB.
In 1961, the first production was launched (fluoroplastic-42, fluoroplastic-40).

In the 60s - 80s, the development and development of new brands continued PTFE and new species thermoplastic fluoropolymers(TPFP) and fluoroelastomers(FE).

Properties and application of fluoroplastic-4

Ftoroplast-4- a high molecular weight crystalline polymer with a melting point of about 327°C, above which the crystalline structure disappears and it turns into an amorphous transparent material that does not transform from a highly elastic to a viscous flow state even at decomposition temperatures (above 415°C). The viscosity of the polytetrafluoroethylene melt at 380°C is 10 10 -10 11 Pa*s, which excludes the processing of this polymer by methods usual for thermoplastics. In this regard, fluoroplastic-4 is processed into products by the method of pre-molding the workpiece in the cold and its subsequent sintering.

Foreign analogs of fluoroplastic-4: ALGOFLON ® PTFE F (Solvay Plastics), Teflon ® 7 (DuPont), HOSTAFLON ® TF 1702 (3M/Dyneon), POLYFLON ® M 12, 14 (Daikin Industries Inc.), Fluon ® PTFE G 163 , 190 (Asahi Glass Co.,Ltd.)

Ftoroplast-4 has:

• exceptionally high dielectric properties due to the non-polarity of the polymer;
• low values ​​of dielectric loss tangent and dielectric constant, almost independent of frequency and temperature;
• exceptionally high resistance to arc voltage;
• electrical strength (when measured on thin films with a thickness of 5-20 microns, the electrical strength reaches 300 MV/m or more);
• extremely high chemical resistance, which is explained by the high shielding effect of electronegative fluorine atoms;
• resistance to all mineral and organic acids, alkalis, organic solvents, gases and other aggressive environments. Destruction of the polymer is observed only under the action of molten alkali metals, their solutions in ammonia, elemental fluorine and chlorine trifluoride at elevated temperatures;
• the ability not to be wetted by water and not exposed to water during long-term tests;
• absolute resistance in tropical conditions, fungal resistance;
• high anti-friction properties, exceptionally low coefficient of friction (in certain conditions and pairs, the coefficient of friction is up to 0.02). This is explained by the small magnitude of intermolecular forces, which determine the insignificant attraction of other substances). The coefficient of friction decreases with increasing load and increases irreversibly by 2-3 times at 327°C and at 16-18°C after exposure to high speed.

Ftoroplast-4 with him low strength And thermal conductivity rarely used in its pure form in antifriction products operating under load (for example, bearings); For this purpose, filled compositions are created containing graphitized carbon, coke, fiberglass, molybdenum disulfide, or so-called metal fluoroplastic compositions that have increased hardness, wear resistance, and thermal conductivity. An alternative to PTFE, in some cases, can be harder and more durable fluoroplastics F-2, F-2M, F-3 or F-40.

DisadvantagePTFE is creep, increasing with increasing temperature. Already at specific loads of 2.95-4.9 MPa, noticeable residual deformation appears, and at pressures of 19.6-24.5 MPa and a temperature of 20°C, the material begins to flow. Deformation phenomenon polytetrafluoroethylene under load in the cold allows it to be used at a one-sided pressure of no higher than 0.295 MPa.

Optical properties PTFE low. It is transparent to visible light only at a thickness measured in tens of micrometers. For ultraviolet rays it is transparent within the wavelength range of 200-400 microns, for infrared rays -2-75 microns. Many types of thermoplastic fluoropolymers have excellent optical properties.

Ftoroplast-4low resistance to radiation. Its mechanical properties quickly deteriorate under the influence of λ - and β - radiation. Already at a dose of 5*10 4 Gy, the destruction of the polymer is so deep that it becomes brittle and breaks when bent. Due to the insufficient radiation resistance of products made from PTFE cannot be operated for a long time in conditions of high levels of penetrating radiation. A replacement for the use of F-4 under radiation exposure can be hydrogen-containing fluoroplastics F-40 or PVDF.

Products from fluoroplastic-4 can be practically used in a very wide temperature range: from -269 °C to +260 °C. However When the temperature changes, the mechanical properties change sharply properties polymer (see properties table). Since hardening is gradually removed at elevated temperatures, hardened products are rarely used and mainly at low temperatures.

Due to its high heat, frost and chemical resistance, anti-friction, anti-adhesive and exceptional dielectric properties, fluoroplastic-4 is widely used:

• How anti-corrosion material in the chemical industry for the manufacture of apparatus, elements of distillation columns, heat exchangers, pumps, pipes, valves, facing tiles, stuffing box packings, etc. The use of PTFE in chemical apparatus as pipes, seals, and gaskets contributes to the production of high-purity products;
• How dielectric in electrical engineering, electronics. It is especially successfully used in high- and ultra-high-frequency technology. For example, oriented film is used for the manufacture of high-frequency cables, wires, capacitors, and coil insulation; for groove insulation of electrical machines, frames, insulators;
• V mechanical engineering in a clean and filled form for the manufacture of machine and apparatus parts, bearings operating without lubrication in corrosive environments, in the form of compressor seals, etc.;
• V production of adhesives and dyes for coatings of irons, skis, etc.;
• in the food industry (lining rollers for rolling out dough, coating baking dishes, etc.);
• in medicine (prostheses and grafts made of fabric and felt based on fluoroplastic fiber, tissue and blood vessel prostheses made from fluoroplastic-4 threads, implants and suture materials, containers for receiving coronary blood, holders for prosthetic mineral valves, etc.)

Ftoroplast-4A and -4AT- fluoroplastic-4 grades with free-flowing properties. The use of bulk grades in the manufacture of shaped products using the isostatic pressing method can significantly simplify the labor-intensive process of filling the mold and reduce the wall thickness of the finished products by 1.5-2 times.

Ftoroplast-4D- is a finely dispersed modification of polytetrafluoroethylene with a lower molecular weight than fluoroplastic-4, in its physical, mechanical and electrical characteristics it is close to fluoroplastic-4, in chemical resistance fluoroplast-4D surpasses all known materials, including gold and platinum; resistant to all mineral and organic acids, alkalis, organic solvents, oxidizers; is not wetted by water and does not swell, dielectric properties are almost independent of temperature, frequency and humidity. Ftoroplast-4D processed by the extrusion method, called "paste extrusion", into profile products (thin-walled pipes, insulation, thin film coatings) of unlimited length, which are difficult or impossible to obtain from conventional fluoroplastic-4. Based on fluoroplastic-4D, it is possible to prepare suspensions used for the manufacture of non-stick Teflon coatings by spraying or roller rolling, as well as for anti-corrosion, anti-friction and anti-adhesive protection of metals.

Products made from fluoroplastic-4D: FUM tape - intended for sealing threaded connections at temperatures from -60°C to 150°C and a pressure of 65 atm., electrical insulating tubes - for insulating conductive parts of electrical products when working in aggressive environments, manufactured by frame extrusion (plunger extrusion) pipes, rods, etc.

Properties of fluoroplastic-4

Indicator name	Ftoroplast-4	Ftoroplast-4D
Physical properties
Density, kg/m 3	2120-2200	2190-2200
Melting temperature of crystallites, °C	327	326-328
Glass transition temperature, °C	-120	-119 to -121
Vicat heat resistance, °C	110	-
Specific heat capacity, kJ/(kg*K)	1,04	1,04
Thermal conductivity coefficient, W/(m*K)	0,25	0,29
Temperature coefficient of linear expansion*10 -5 ,°С -1	8 - 25	8 - 25
Operating temperature, °C minimum maximum	-269 260	-269 260
Decomposition temperature, °C	more than 415	more than 415
Thermal stability, %	0.2 (420 °C, 3 h)	-
Flammability by oxygen index, %	95	95
Resistance to irradiation, Gy	(0,5-2)*10 4	(0,5-2)*10 4
Mechanical properties
Breaking tensile stress, MPa	14,7-34,5 15.7-30.9 (hardened samples)	12,7-31,8
Elongation at break, % relative residual	250-500 250-350	100-590 250-350
Modulus of elasticity, MPa when stretched when compressed with static bending at 20°С at -60°С	410 686,5 460,9-833,6 1294,5-2726,5	410 686,5 441-833,6 1370-2726
Breaking stress, MPa when compressed with static bending	11,8 10,7-13,7	11,8 10,7-13,7
Impact strength, kJ/m 2	125	125
Brinell hardness, MPa	29,4-39,2	29,4-39,2
Friction coefficient for steel	0,04	0,04
Machinability	Excellent	Excellent
Electrical properties
Specific volumetric electrical resistance, Ohm*m	10 15 -10 18	10 14 -10 18
Specific surface electrical resistance, Ohm	More than 1*10 17	More than 1*10 17
Dielectric loss tangent at 1 kHz at 1 MHz	(2-2,5)*10 -4 (2-2,5)*10 -4	(2-3)*10 -4 (2-3)*10 -4
The dielectric constant at 1 kHz at 1 MHz	1,9-2,1 1,9-2,1	1,9-2,2 1,9-2,2
Electric strength (sample thickness 4 mm), MV/m	25-27	25-27
Arc resistance, s	250-700 (a continuous conductive layer is not formed)

Aries according to the horoscope. If astrological characteristics were attributed to things, Teflon would be characterized as persistent, stubborn, ardent. There is a deal of truth in it.

"Was born" material teflon April 6, 1938 during the experiments of Roy Plunkett. At that time he worked in the DuPont laboratory. This American company approached the 21st century with the title of one of the largest in the world in the field of chemical production.

Pictured is Roy Plunkett, the scientist who discovered Teflon.

Roy Plunkett undertook to study the properties of freons. This is the name given to compounds of methane and ethane in which fluorine or fluorine replaces hydrogen. Teflon came out of freons by accident. Let's find out how.

What is Teflon?

According to science, the hero of the article is called polytetrafluoroethylene. in its molecules is replaced by fluorine. Teflon formula: - CF4. The material was obtained by freezing tetrafluoroethylene under pressure with the formula C 2 F 4. The result was a white powder resembling crushed wax. It was called Teflon.

Fluoroplastic is the second name for Teflon, which also applies to other polymers that contain fluorine. Essentially, these are plastics. Among fluoroplastics, Teflon is assigned serial number 4. In England, the material is called football.

The photo shows Teflon parts

The Italians call Teflon algoflon, and the Japanese call it polyflon. The French use the term soreflon. Even in the USA there is a second name for the material - gallon. Only in Russia did the original name “take root”. By the way, the production of Teflon on an industrial scale began 2 years after Roy Plunkett’s discovery.

Properties, description and features

Properties of Teflon, are largely explained by its belonging to plastics. The material is separated from them by a particularly strong combination of carbon atoms with fluorine.

The latter, as it were, cover the former, ensuring the resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene to alcohols, esters, acids and ketones. The latter refers to organics in which 2 hydrocarbon radicals are attached to the carbonyl linker.

Now, about the reactions in which Teflon coating enters. Under pressure and heat it is possible to interact with. A number of minerals in the group include fluorine and chlorine. It is with them that the reaction starts.

The general formula of fluorite can be, for example, this: - CaF 2. Teflon begins to gain mass only when treated with refrigerants. Interaction with freon, for example, increases the weight of the hero of the article by 4-10%. The process is reversible.

Teflon can also interact with alkali metals. They are located in the 1st group of the table. Consequently, the conversation is about ununenium, francium, cesium, potassium, sodium and. The reaction of Teflon with them is insignificant. The color of the article's hero changes. From white it turns brown.

People tend to buy Teflon not only because of its almost universal resistance to chemicals, but also due to the same resistance to weather conditions, light, and water. So, the hero of the article has zero hygroscopicity, that is, the ability to absorb moisture. The material can be stored in water.

Many frying pan manufacturers use Teflon coating

The neutrality of Teflon also applies to physiological parameters. The polymer was introduced into living tissues. They accepted the implants no worse than titanium ones. Means, Teflon coated frying pan does not pose a threat to health even when dust particles break off and mix with food.

The safety of the hero of the article is documented by approval from the Committee of the Food and Drug Industry of the United States and the Federal Union of Wholesale and Foreign Trade of Germany. The latter country, like the United States, is the world leader in Teflon production.

A number of independent experts disagree with the conclusions of the FDA and BGA. Chemists note that at DuPont factories, personnel working with Teflon are required to wear protective masks.

This is considered an indication that the material is toxic. Particularly carcinogenic are volatile or liquid teflon. The substance must evaporate at a temperature of 270 degrees.

However, low-quality Teflon, experts note, decomposes even at 200 Celsius. But let’s return to the arguments of official research centers.

Thus, experts from the World Health Organization have experimentally proven that a 25 percent addition of Teflon from the total mass of food is harmless to humans. People in production produce more fumes, which is why they wear masks.

Those who talk about the dangers of Teflon refer to the ability of pefluorooctanoic acid to accumulate in the blood. This is a carcinogen that is part of the hero of the article. Californian chemists announced the ability of the compound to accumulate in tissues.

They examined the blood of pregnant women. The purpose of the study was not related to Teflon. However, the presence of that same tetrofluorooctanoic acid in the blood of women attracted attention.

They began to ask the ladies about nutrition and cooking methods. "Surfaced" multicooker-teflon, frying pans and baking trays with it. In general, the question of the harmlessness of polytetrafluoroethylene is controversial. Let's move on to the objective.

Teflon has the lowest coefficient of friction among solids. This not only protects frying pans from wear, but also parts of many machines. They use Teflon grease.

Polish with Teflon for cars

It is added, for example, to automobile oils. You can also buy polish with teflon. Polytetrafluoroethylene is found in dozens of commercial items. Frying pans and multicookers are just the tip of the iceberg. Let's go down to the bottom.

Application

Teflon seals– part of hydraulic systems and pipelines. Bearings with the hero of the article are used in aviation technology and machine tool industry.

The material is useful in units subject to heavy loads and, consequently, wear. Like frying pans, bearings with Teflon are only coated with it. Inside the parts there is metal, as a rule.

In construction, fluoroplastic plates are used as elements of overpasses, bridges and overpasses. They consist of spans. For the reliability of structures, the ability to move them is required. This is especially important in seismically active areas.

Teflon products

Sliding on Teflon allows the spans to respond to vibrations. That is why fluoroplastic plates are used in places where floor beams are attached in some high-rise buildings.

Successful experiments on implanting Teflon into the body made it possible to use polytetrafluoroethylene as a component of prostheses. Artificial vessels, in fact, consist entirely of the hero of the article. Heart valves are also excellently made from Teflon. Teflon is gradually replacing it from the field of prosthetics.

The latter is heavier than polytetrafluoroethylene, which already imposes a number of restrictions on the life activity of people with metal implants. In addition, Teflon has better sound conductivity. This comes in handy, for example, in hearing aids.

In the food industry, Teflon coats pipelines and seals in pumps. The latter pump over the former vegetable oils, fats, milk and the emulsifier lecithin.

So, if the hero of the article is toxic, the presence of a substance in the blood should be blamed not only because of household frying pans. On the other hand, the widespread use of Teflon in the food industry is reassuring.

Teflon car coating

It is unlikely that manufacturers will poison the population, among whom are their children, parents, and friends. Besides, Teflon coating not the cheapest. The use of the material is associated with its advantages, which outweigh the price.

In the chemical industry, Teflon also lines pipelines. It is not profitable to cover everything with polytetrafluoroethylene. A layer of Teflon is present only in pipelines through which chemically aggressive liquids are distilled.

Resistance to them is also proven by the use of the hero of the article in column-type nuclear reactors. It is named columnar due to the cylindrical shape of the units.

Polytetrafluoroethylene is also used in electrical devices. In most cases, the material serves as a dielectric. This is the name given to substances that block current.

Teflon coated iron exploits the non-stick properties of plastic. This prevents damage to delicate and heat-sensitive materials. There is no residue left, which is typical for metal soles of irons.

Teflon coated iron

The disadvantage of polytetrafluoroethylene on irons is the same as on frying pans. Ironing board with Teflon also on the list. The coating is easily scratched. There are hard and sharp elements on clothes, for example, chains, sequins, buttons.

Things with them have to be ironed with other irons and on other boards. Accordingly, it is possible to have equipment with polytetrafluoroethylene. But the Nika Teflon ironing board will be on the list only auxiliary, additional.

The vulnerability of the hero of the article in terms of scratches poses a question to consumers: “Teflon or ceramics?” The latter tolerates greater heat, almost up to 500 degrees, and is more environmentally friendly, because it consists of sand, stone and other natural components.

Teflon coated ironing board

However, ceramics cannot tolerate sudden temperature changes. Many people are accustomed to putting still-hot dishes into the sink under running water. The ceramic coating will crack, just like when you put frozen meat in a pan.

Fillers change the properties of polytetrafluoroethylene. Therefore, when choosing products with it, it is recommended to focus on the composition of the coating. Few people know that it can be different.

Experts believe that most of the angry reviews about Teflon are related to this. Meanwhile, you just need to choose the right option. However, sometimes it is not associated with Teflon. So, on one of the Internet forums Diman823 writes: “I covered the car body with Teflon.

Polished by hand. For the first few weeks, not a speck of dust stuck to the car. The car sparkled like a mirror. Then the scratches started. I started to find out. They say there are no hardeners for polishes with Teflon.

Protective effect of Teflon coating against water

An alternative is liquid glass, but they don’t make it in my salon. I wrote it off online, the glass is praised. You need to polish your car with Teflon a couple of times a month. It costs a pretty penny.”

The Tver resident also bought Teflon. Review the woman left it on Otzovik. The Tverichka didn’t polish the car; she focused on women’s concerns, namely, baking sheets. Teflon models allow you to make pies and pizzas without greasing the baking sheets with oil, they are easy to clean, and convenient to store.

The series of reviews goes on and on, as does the list of things in which Teflon is used. However, officially “Teflon” is a coating on DuPont products. This company has patented the material.

Other brands use other mixtures based on the same polytetrafluoroethylene. A variety of reviews is associated with the variety of impurities associated with it. Not every non-stick coating, for example, is Teflon. Consumers expect DuPont quality from their purchase. This is a conflict between what is expected and what is received.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, TEFLON)- a material with unique anti-friction properties and a very high operating temperature range. PTFE products can be used at temperatures from −269 C to +260 C and for a short time at temperatures up to +300 C. The material has unique chemical resistance; Teflon is resistant to almost all aggressive environments, including acids and alkalis of very high concentrations.

Resistance to reagents is maintained even when heated to +100C and above. And thanks to its chemical inertness, PTFE is widely used in the medical and food industries. Everyone knows dishes with Teflon coating, to which nothing sticks and which does not collapse even at the highest temperatures.

Due to its excellent dielectric properties over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures, polytetrafluoroethylene is a unique dielectric. The insulation resistance made from it is very high - exceeds 1016 Ohm x cm.

At negative temperatures, PTFE exhibits high strength, toughness and excellent anti-friction characteristics. Even at extremely low temperatures, down to −260 C, PTFE retains its plasticity and does not break or crack. When heated above +327°C, the crystallites melt, but the polymer does not enter a viscous-flow state until the decomposition temperature begins (plus 415°C).

The unsurpassed characteristics of PTFE and unique chemical resistance allow it to be used in the nuclear, chemical, and oil industries, including in the Far North.

Fluoroplastics are a class of polymers and copolymers based on fluorine. The discovery of the material occurred by accident in 1938, when the American Roy J. Plunkett was studying the properties of a new refrigerant, chlorofluorocarbon. One day he discovered an unknown white powder on the walls of canisters with gas pumped under high pressure. Reasoning that this was a polymerization product, he decided to investigate the properties of the new substance. These properties turned out to be so extraordinary that the DuPont company patented it in 1941 under the name “Teflon” and began to look for practical applications for it.

In 1947, work began on the production of a domestic analogue - fluoroplastic.

Properties

White material, slippery and smooth to the touch, similar in appearance to paraffin or polyethylene. Refractory, non-flammable, heat- and frost-resistant, retains elasticity in the temperature range from -70 to +270 °C. Transparent fluoroplastic is also available, but it is less heat-resistant, usually withstanding heating up to 120 ° C.
- Has high electrical resistance, excellent dielectric and insulating material.
- It has revolutionary low adhesion - so much so that special technologies had to be developed to ensure reliable bonding of the Teflon coating to other surfaces.
- The coefficient of friction and slip is extremely low, which makes it a popular lubricant.
- Not afraid of light and does not transmit UV radiation, does not swell in water, and is not wetted by liquids, including oils.
- Fluoroplastics are well processed; they are cast, rolled, drilled, ground, and pressed.
- Inert to human tissue, therefore suitable for the manufacture of implants, for example, heart valves, prostheses, artificial vessels.

Fluoroplastics are resistant to the most concentrated acids and alkalis, do not react with acetone, alcohol, ether, and are not susceptible to the destructive effects of enzymes, mold and fungi. In terms of chemical resistance, they surpass all known polymers and even metals such as gold and platinum. They are destroyed only by fluorine, fluorine fluoride and molten alkali metals.

At temperatures above 270 °C they begin to decompose, releasing, among other substances, very poisonous perfluoroisobutylene gas. Teflon and Teflon-coated cookware are safe as long as they are not overheated or burned. Coating particles that get into food are not digested and are excreted unchanged through the intestines.

The disadvantage of fluoroplastic is its fluidity, due to which it cannot be used in its pure form under load and for large structural forms.

Application

Fluoroplastics have found wide application in various fields. They are produced in the form of powder, aqueous solution (a mixture of fluoroplastic dust with water), thin film, pressed blanks, which are converted into parts of devices and machines by mechanical processing.

Fluoroplastic is used in military, aviation, space technology, electrical engineering and radio electronics, and mechanical engineering. In electrical engineering and radio electronics, they are used to make insulating materials, and in machines and machine tools - bearings, gaskets, washers and other friction units, as well as parts of complex structures. Finely dispersed fluoroplastic is added to lubricants. Many parts and surfaces are coated with a thin layer of a substance to protect against corrosion.

In the chemical industry it is used for the production of containers, pipeline coatings, hoses, and parts resistant to aggressive environments, low and high temperatures, and high pressure.

Fluoroplastics are used in textile production to produce fabrics with dirt- and water-repellent properties, heat-resistant, wear-resistant, and non-absorbent odors.

In medicine, prostheses and implants are made from this polymer.

Used on conveyor belts for the production of foam plastic in the construction industry.

In the food industry, baking trays, molds, ovens, waffle irons, grills, coffee makers, and Teflon-coated utensils are very popular.

Teflon can be found in everyday life on dishes with non-stick and anti-stick coatings, on razor blades (to increase their service life), on plates for irons and on ironing boards, in bread machines, coffee pots, and in heating appliances.

It is used in entomology when keeping flightless insects - they cannot climb the smooth fluoroplastic walls of the house, that is, they cannot escape.

Through the Prime Chemicals Group online store you can order fluoroplastic chemical glassware, funnels and reactor containers made of high-quality fluoroplastic.

Currently, the media often conduct campaigns aimed at forming consumer opinions about the dangers of cookware with non-stick coating based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). It should be noted here that at the moment, non-stick coatings for cookware on any other basis do not yet exist.

Two statements have been chosen as the “scientific” basis for such statements:

1. The non-stick coating contains the substance PFOA (C7F15COOH) - perfluorooctanoic acid, which increases the risk of developing diabetes and cancer.

2. When heated, the non-stick coating releases harmful substances.

This is confirmed by research from the American Environmental Protection Agency - EPA, and statements in the media by some experts about the inclusion of PFOA in the list of such substances by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.

The current situation can be commented on as follows:

1. Coatings created by well-known manufacturers undergo all stages of hygienic and chemical-technical research, both here and in Europe, on the basis of which they are issued appropriate certificates confirming their harmlessness to humans.

2. PFOA is actually used to make some—not all—nonstick coatings. In this case, the fraud is as follows: it is said that a semi-finished product of some kind of coating contains acid, but what is in the sintered (polymerized) coating There is no PFOA on all finished dishes!!!- remains silent. All finished dishes do not contain PFOA!!!

There are currently no studies confirming that non-stick cookware is harmful to humans.

The US Environmental Protection Agency - EPA - does not find exposure to PFOA harmful: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/pfoa/pubs/faq.html (EPA explanations with translation will be provided at the end of the article.

Statements regarding the Stockholm Convention are yet another lie. The text of the convention is easy to find on the Internet, in particular, on one of the websites of UN organizations. The distortion is as follows: the list of persistent organic pollutants contains perfluorooctane sulfonic acid PFOS and not PFOA, these are completely different substances!!!

Such cookware is positioned as having a ceramic non-stick coating that does not contain PTFE, has the best characteristics and is absolutely harmless to health.

What can you say about this?

The entire ideology of promoting cookware with non-stick coatings without PTFE is based on two pillars:

· Most consumers are not specialists in the field of chemistry and tableware technology.

· Modern fashion for the word ecology and its derivatives.

The so-called “ceramic” coatings do not correspond to the characteristics of non-stick coatings, and according to the Western classification they are “easy to clean”. Claims about them being non-stick are, to put it mildly, untrue.

This type of coating is not new. These are technical coatings that have been used for a relatively long time, slightly modified for cookware, and are available in the range of chemical concerns that produce non-stick coatings, such as Dupont, Akzo Nobel, Whitford, etc. However, reputable companies do not offer them as food products.

All traces of the origin of coatings without PTFE lead to China..... The attitude towards ecology in China is no secret to anyone.

Currently, there are no known studies confirming the harmfulness or harmlessness of such coatings to humans in the long term (as, for example, is the case with GMOs). There is no experience of using these coatings in contact with food.

Most European market participants, where this company began earlier than here, consider this a kind of fashionable trend that will allow the smartest to make money and will go down in the annals of the history of marketing projects such as Tseptor, etc.

FrequentQuestions(see last question)

Aretherestepsthatcan consumers take to reduce their exposure to PFOA?
Consumer products made with perfluorochemicals include some non-stick cookware and products such as breathable, all-weather clothing. They are also employed in hundreds of other uses in almost all industry segments, including the aerospace, automotive, building/construction, chemical processing, electrical and electronics, semiconductor, and textile industries. Telomers are used as surfactants and as surface treatment chemicals in many products, including fire fighting foams; personal care and cleaning products; and oil, stain, grease, and water repellent coatings on carpet, textiles, leather, and paper. Consumer products made with fluoropolymers and fluorinated telomers, such as Teflon and other trademark products, are not PFOA. PFOA is used as a processing aid in the manufacture of fluoropolymers and can also be produced by the breakdown of some fluorinated telomers. The information that EPA has available does not indicate that the routine use of consumer products poses a concern. At present, there are no steps that the EPA recommends that consumers take to reduce exposures to PFOA.